History Of Operating system

After computer is created, according to TANENBAUM Operating system experiences mushroom growth, and can be divided in four generations :

First Generation

First Generation, between the year 1945-1955. This generation is beginning of development of electronic computing system in the place of mechanic computing system, that thing is caused [by] speed of man to calculate is limited and man hardly easy to make carelessness, mistake even errors. At this generation has not there are operating system, hence computer system is given [by] instruction which must be done directly.

Second Generation

Second Generation, between the year 1955-1965 generations is be a period of the Batch Processing System, that is Job done in a series, then is executed in sequence With this generation computer system has not been equipped operating system, but some operation system functions there have, its(the example system function of operation is FMS and IBSYS

Third Generation

Third Generation, between the year 1965-1980. At this generation development of operating system developed to serve many consumers at the same time, where consumers interactive communicates through? via terminal on-linely to computer, hence operating system becomes multi-user ( in using many people at the same time ) and multiprogramming(serve many programs at the same time).

Fourth Generation

Fourth Generation, Operating system bases on network, between the year 1980 - 199x. Operating system utilized for computer network where consumer realizes existence of computers that is each other incircuit one other same. During this user have also been fresh with Graphical User Interface that is computer being based on a real balmy graphical, during this also is started computing era spread over where computing [shall] no longer focusing in one points, but broken many computer causing is reached better performance.

Development Flashback

OS Windows

Operating System Windows which legendary first time created by Microsoft in the year 1985 as part of effort to the application of graphical interface as owned by Macintosh at IBM-PC. The scorpion, Windows at the most a graphical tools is coming up almost patch up. Windows this first version of course not too its(the success or not is seen from the angle of marketing- but that way, this is initial bollard of usage Graphical User Interface ( GUI) at machines PC.

Windows almost don't experience development to mean so reaching version 30. That moment, likely Windows has found its form snugly. Slow but sure Windows 31 followed by you its(the Windows for Workgroups which release the year 1992 starting menggebrak. Along with increasingly the wide-speading of usage of class machine 386 upward equipped with by hard luxuriant disk—part of for measure when its program bases on Windows to start acceptable of market and slow replaces software to base on DOS which initially predominates. The above is true, hence the consumers WordStar starts changing over to AmiPro or Microsoft Word, whereas traditional consumer of Lotus 123 starting tries tastes Microsoft Excel or 123 for Windows.

The scorpion, Windows actually more alike a graphical tools is run to system DOS compared to a OS which independent. For consideration that is, hence around year of 1994 Microsoft introduces OS Windows NT to public. From the angle of technology, NT is a breakthrough with job(activity system 32 pure beets and a heap of other excess, including ability to be independent as a OS without base on MS-DOS. Unhappily, requirement of hardware which pertained is luxuriant for that moment measure ( processor as of class 486, 16 MB RAM and finite hundreds of MB hard disk space for installation) causes this operating system assumed hay a suited for attached at computer as of server class with big work load.

In the middle of the 1995, Bill Gates, boss Microsoft, launches Microsoft Windows 95. This of new product--yang is developed by the name of code CHICAGO--INI is heralded to has a number of excesses compared to the its(the predecessors. Performance 32 beets, preemptive multitasking, multithreading, ability handles hardware in plug-and-play, GUI which is prettier, and ability to directly enter to graphical modus when booting is strike pamungkas Microsoft to rake in buyer.

Windows 95 also in great demand roasted peanut basin. Requirement of hardware which equivalent approximately with NT [shall] no longer become problem because lowering of the price of peripheral computer, mainly RAM, added increasingly the wide-speading of usage of harddisk is having capacities 1 GB upward, makes too not this product difficult to pierce market.


Windows 95 predominating finite desktop computers of the year 1997, when Microsoft releases repair version having epithet Windows 95/OSR2. One of facility pamungkas which on the market in this release is usage of system FAT32 ( 32 beets File Allocation Table) capable to optimal of recording structure of file at harddisk is having capacities big ( 640MB upward). Internet era is anticipated [by] Microsoft with scale model in built-in browser Microsoft Internet Explorer 30 along with Microsoft Mail & News at this product. Ayal step do not taken by this Microsoft have time to invite protest from the developer of software browser like Netscape. Is will said, Microsoft stands at bay at its(the decision. Easy to be guessed, Microsoft finally king most of market for software the existing finite browser.

Only having tubing one year after Windows 95/OSR2 launched, Microsoft returns release Windows his(its newest version, this named Windows 98. Not many excess that is on the market is compared to the its(the predecessors. Windows 98 Internet Scale Models Explorer 40 and software Outlook Express to replace MS Mail & News at version before all and introduces management system of file that integrated with internet browser causing facilitates its(the consumer to work in network. Not left behind also ( of course!) repair interface.

Two years elapses at Windows its(the 98 release—of course by alternated its(the exit some patch and repair of bug--Microsoft returns to takes action with merilis Windows 2000 which later will replace Windows NT as operating system for server and class consumer high-end. For homebased consumer alias Home user, available of Windows Me ( Millenium Edition) which none other than expansion from version Windows 9x. Many things that is on the market Microsoft for consumer Me. Besides packaging in the form of appearance which more draws, this system also scale model Internet Explorer and Microsoft Outlook Express 55. In this release, Microsoft also many giving attention at the application of Multimedia, can be seen from figuring in of program packages a kind of Windows Movie Maker and DVD Player, and improvement of facility that is enough significant at Windows Media Player. Technically, Windows Me makes breakthrough by discharging compatibility support from for DOS and the application of his(its. As a result consumer Windows [shall] no longer earn booting through prompt DOS ( in versions before all can be done with depressing [ F8] when booting, continued by choosing option " Start with Mode MS-DOS").

But of course it all there are its(the consequence. Windows Me obliges consumer to have processor equivalent Pentium 166 and minimum RAM 32 MB to be able to implement it. It is of course this is not clauses that is too heavy to all user in developed countries remembers the price of hardware which always free fall. Our darling in Indonesia only can swallow spiting. Rate USD leaping to level which almost be illogical makes many consumers PC in Indonesia which must satisfy applies PC with patch up hardware configuration.

Now Microsoft has released his(its newest Windows version: Windows Xp ( eXPerience). Explains many excesses that is on the market is compared to the its(the predecessors. Windows Xp is package with interface which is different; more familiar for even a laymen consumer, also integration with internet that is increasingly stable isotope, and not left behind multimedia facility that is surprise. But best awaiting formerly! To enjoy as of excess warehouse that is on the market Microsoft through? via the Windows Xp, of course must with reliable hardware capital. If your computer having processor less than Pentium II/Celeron 350 MHZ with RAM 64 MB ( recommended 128 MB), hence is better if delayed formerly desire to apply the Xp!